Biochem/physiol Actions

MIND4-17 is a potent NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) activator that covalently modifies a critical stress-sensor cysteine (C151) in the BTB domain of the E3 ligase substrate adaptor protein Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), the primary negative regulator of NRF2. MIND4-17 induces NRF2 activation responses in neuronal and non-neuronal cultures (effective conc. 0.1-10 µM) of human, mouse, and rat origins. In addition, MIND4-17 effectively reduces endotoxin-induced IL-6 release from WT as well as YAC128 HD mutant mice-derived primary microglia and astrocytes, however, NRF2 induction by MIND4-17 is shown to be compromised in human Huntington′s diseased (HD) relative to non-disesed neural stem cells due to suppressive influence of the expanded CAG repeat mutation on pathway activation.