General description

S100A1 is a member of S100 protein family of calcium binding proteins.S100A1 is very useful in the identification of renal cell carcinoma.Published literature indicates that 37 of 40 renal oncocytomas (93%), including two with the tubulo-cystic growth pattern, reacted positively by anti-S100A1.Most of them showed both cytoplasmic and nuclear immunostaining with moderate-to-strong intensity. S100A1 immunostaining was also observed in 30 of 41 clear cell renal cell carcinomas (73%); 6 showed focal positivity, whereas 24 displayed an immunoreactivity ranging from moderate (12 cases) to diffuse (12 cases) expression. Anti-S100A1 detected 30 cases of 32 papillary renal cell carcinomas (94%), 6 showing focal, 12 moderate, and 12 diffuse immunoreactivity. This study also demonstrated that 48 of the 51 chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (94%) showed no labeling by anti-S100A1. In 3 cases of chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (6%) that were positive by anti-S100A1, 2 were classic variant showing scattered S100A1 immunoreactive cells and an eosinophilic variant with nucleocytoplasmic staining in about 40% of the neoplastic cells.Therefore, anti-S100A1 is very useful in the differentiation of renal oncocytoma from chromophobe renal cell carcinoma as well as distinguishing clear cell renal cell carcinoma from chromophobe renal cell carcinoma. S100A1 is detected in normal renal tissue and expressed in both the nuclei and the cytoplasm of the cells lining proximal tubules, loops of Henle, and collecting ducts. The glomerular components are negative. S100A1 is also expressed by skeletal muscle and myocardium; and specific cytoplasmic expression is found in follicular dendritic cells of lymph node.

Legal Information

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Linkage

S100A1 Positive Control Slides, Product No. 408S, are available for immunohistochemistry (formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections).

Other Notes

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Physical form

Solution in Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, with 1% BSA and ﹤0.1% Sodium Azide

Preparation Note

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Quality