Biochem/physiol Actions

TFMB-(S)-2HG is a membrane-permeant (S)-2-hydroxyglutarate (L-2HG) precursor used in conjunction with the oncometabolite (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG) precursor for probing 2-HG enantiomer-specific cellular responses (typical conc used in culture: 0.5-20 mM). While both 2HG enantiomers inhibit multiple α-ketoglutarate (α-KG; 2-OG)-dependent dioxygenases by competing against α-KG binding, (S)-2HG is reported to be more potent against TET1/2, CeKDM7A & KDM5B (JARID1B/PLU-1). On the other hand, (R)-2HG, but not (S)-2HG, is shown to downregulate HIF-1a by promoting EglN1 (HIF prolyl hydroxylase 2; HIF-PH2; PHD2) activity.